Whole Brain Atlas: This Online Whole Brain Atlas is a Treat for Advanced Clinicians and Researchers

Brain Structure and Anatomy:- 

The whole brain atlas created or compiled by two Harvard MDs Keith and Alex is a great collection of various brain areas or for that matter all levels and depths of whole brain.

From Whole Brain Atlas

Their digital work took me back to my graduate days, where at numerous occasions made cumbersome brain sections, whole brain sections, meticulous works through whole night or some time it ran through days of non stop brain sectioning, those were either fresh or fixed brains. What you will experience here on their collection is advanced imaging graphic presentation. Nevertheless the experience is reminiscent of my days in the research lab looking at Cross/Sagital or sections of brain as well as other planes through the entire brain.

The Whole Brain Atlas

Here are couple of Scnshots from their site:

Their work and data is a must visit for advanced Neurophysiologists, Radiologists and all the spine, neck and brain surgeons, besides medical students planning to specialize in Brain and Spine. Here is the Link:Website/Url. 

This digital wealth of information of whole brain structure and anatomy is a comprehensive work using various imaging such as MRI, CT and SPECT besides other anatomical tracing techniques put together to reveal the entire brain, along with images there are also videos such as video of the "Circle of Willis" and various vascular structures supplying brain areas, as I traveled through their site, it was like feasting euphorically!.

As you browse through the contents, there is so much to add besides whole brain atlas, the images revealing abnormal brain areas in various neurodegenerative/neurological disease is something clinicians can benefit a lot.
More updates after I review the whole site.....!!

EEG technique and Treatment of Rolandic Epilepsy treatment?.

Looking at the EEG patterns periodically at certain time difference, could be week or month in between, Yamanashi and his colleague found that there is a repetitive high frequency EEG waveform abnormality that can be used to strategies for treatment?. Although, it is a brief study on small number of children's, EEG recordings and the abnormal waveform morphology is one of the or the only way to ascertain what to do with such epileptic patient, actually, while referring to the recent reviews in this field, I found this compelling review article   by Dr.Markand, MD (see at the bottom after the Yamanashi's work).

What was their research model and study is about:

A total of ten children between the ages of three and ten with recurrent seizures and 12 patients aged between four and seven years who experienced isolated seizures were enrolled in the study, with seizure recurrence and prolonged high-frequency EEG paroxysm data being correlated by the scientists.
Repeated EEG recordings were taken every three months, with clinical and EEG follow-up performed for four or more years. It was discovered that seizure recurrence and extended periods of high-frequency paroxysmal EEG abnormalities for more than 6 months after onset were significantly linked.

New study shows how EEG can aid rolandic epilepsy treatment

Posted May 21 2014 in epilepsy in children and its treatment

A new study from Japan has shed light on how electroencephalogram (EEG) techniques can be useful in aiding the treatment of patients with rolandic epilepsy.

This form of epilepsy is generally associated with favourable outcomes, with a moderate proportion of cases characterised by isolated seizure events, meaning continuous treatment need only be considered only for those affected by frequent seizures.

As such, the new research from the University of Yamanashi aimed to identify EEG criteria related to seizure recurrence in rolandic epilepsy, in order to help guide treatment strategies for those in this patient group.


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The review article that I mentioned above:

a good read to get the background idea of how the neurophysiologist, neurologist or clinicians can discern the EEG patterns:

Seminars in Neurology

Pearls, Perils, and Pitfalls In the Use of the Electroencephalogram

Omkar N. Markand, MD, FRCPC

 An EEG is the most common and most useful test performed in evaluating patients suspected of epilepsy. There are many areas where an EEG has unique contributions. The value of an EEG lies in the fact that it not only shows specific ictal discharges during a clinical seizure but also characteristic epileptiform abnormalities in a high proportion of epileptic patients even in the interictal period. Furthermore, an EEG may be the only test demonstrating focal abnormalities responsible for the patient's epileptic seizures. Specific patterns in the EEG make it possible to classify the seizure type, which is an essential prerequisite to institute proper antiepileptic medication. An EEG is indispensable for the diagnosis of nonconvulsive epileptic status presenting as prolonged "twilight" state or a prolonged episode of abnormal behavior. In a patient with bizarre motor activity, the recording of an EEG during such an episode may be the only way to establish whether the abnormal behavior is due to an epileptic seizure or a nonepileptic event, physiologic or nonphysiologic. Finally, the EEG is indispensable to localize the epileptogenic (seizure producing) zone before resective surgery (excision of the epileptogenic zone) is undertaken in a patient with medically refractory focal epilepsy.

The Year in Neurology, 2011 Drug approvals and New treatments for Neurological disorders?

Medscape Article: 

Andrew N. Wilner, MD writes about the recent developments in basic science and clinical medicine to treat some of the impending neurological diseases, including several FDA approval on new drugs, interesting article.

A Look Back: Introduction

2011 has been a very exciting year for neurologists and their patients. Advances in basic science and disciplined clinical trials have led to drug approvals for the prevention of stroke and treatment of epilepsy. In addition, at least 2 oral drugs for relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis, BG-12 and teriflunomide, boast positive results from phase 3 trials and are poised for approval by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA).
In 2010, the FDA approved dabigatran, a thrombin inhibitor, for anticoagulation in patients with nonvalvular atrial fibrillation. In November 2011, the FDA approved rivaroxaban, a once-daily oral factor Xa inhibitor, for the same indication. Another factor Xa inhibitor, apixaban, recently demonstrated superior results to warfarin in preventing stroke or systemic embolism, with less bleeding and lower mortality, and may soon be approved as well.^{[1]
Full article at Medscape linked at the top.} 

ABNM- Latest Schedules of Exams

American Board of Neurophysiologic Monitoring

Exam Application Requirements for Application Written Exam Oral Exam Recertification Policy and Procedures Official List of Diplomates Officers and Board

Next Written Exams Certification Examination in Neurophysiologic Monitoring - Part I - Written Application Deadline Examination Date 12/31/2009 2/6/2010 - 2/20/2010 6/28/2010 8/7/2010-8/21/2010 Next Oral Exams Certification Examination in Neurophysiologic Monitoring - Part II - Oral Application Deadline Examination Date Location 4/5/2010 4/25/2010 Nashville, TN only 10/4/2010 10/24/2010 Chicago, IL only For information about registering for these tests please contact the Professional Testing Corporationor email us at info@abnm.info. Check the site: http://www.ptcny.com/clients/ABNM/index.html

ISIN-International Soceity of Intraoperative Neuromonitoring

ISIN has redesigned their website, it looks much better now and there is more information for you now.

New on PubMed:

Investigation of the regeneration potential of the recurrent laryngeal nerve (RLN) after compression injury, using neuromonitoring.

Moskalenko V, Hüller M, Gasser M, Demidchik Y, Thiede A, Timm S, Ulrichs K, Hamelmann W.

Department of General and Visceral Surgery, Hospital of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Langenbeckstr. 1, D-55131, Mainz, Germany. moskalenko@tut.by

INTRODUCTION:

The aim of this study was to investigate the regeneration potential of RLN after the compression of the nerve, without disrupting its continuity, using neuromonitoring.

METHODS: In the first operation, the RLN and nervus vagus of adult Goettingen minipigs were dissected free, and the neuromonitoring parameters (amplitude, threshold and lag time of signal) were measured. Injury of the RLN was induced using a "bulldog" clamp. When the signal was no longer detectable, after the 15 min regeneration phase, the operation was finished. The neuromonitoring studies (see above) were repeated in a second operation 6 months later. RESULTS: (1) After the first operation, acute clamping of the RLN led to a reduction in the amplitude of the neuromonitoring signal; the lag time and the threshold of signal remained. Complete restitution of the signal was observed during the first regeneration phase. Repeated clamping led to complete disappearance of the signal. (2) During the second operation, i.e., after 6 months of regeneration, the neuromonitoring signals of both RLN and nervus vagus were detected in 93% of the GMP. No statistical differences (p = 0.17) were noticed between the amplitude of the RLN before the nerve injury (first operation) and after nerve regeneration (second operation). A significant increase in the lag time (p <>

PMID: 18751999 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

Human Atlas:- Video Education of Anatomy?

As the above caption suggests, if you click one of the topics, you can see and listen to a beautiful and quite simple description of different anatomical structure of human Body. 

For someone who is just learning Anatomy or atlas of the Human body,  this is a good place to start......... you can start here. 

Audio and visual learning is more effective than just reading, though nothing can replace a careful and thorough reading habit. Modern tools makes learning much more easier and simpler. 

Here it is, hope you will find it useful.

One of the topic I clicked to see the video was "Anatomy of Spine", quite simple but appropriate information to begin learning the spine anatomy.

This can be a very good tool for someone who might be interested in learning neuroanatomy and neurophysiology. These 3D descriptions can be useful for non-neuroscience as well as neuroscience students, for Neuromonitoring newbies?.. and even for those who know the field, a quick refresher. 

Few Example Video's:

3D: Anatomy of Spine

3D: Lumbar Laminectomy

3D: Spinal Stenosis

Link:http://www.atlantichealth.org/en/atlantic/healthinformation/human+atlas+videos.html

Auditory "Brain stem Implant Electrode"- Frequency Tuning?

How important it is to fine tune the frequency specificity in the ventral cochlear nucleus and central inferior collicular neurons, the following research work published in the Oct 2007 issue of "Journal of Neurophysiology" used multichannel microelectrodes to map the frequency specfic patterns of activity in VCN and Inferior colliculus neurons.

TRANSLATIONAL PHYSIOLOGY
Inferior Colliculus Responses to Multichannel Microstimulation of the Ventral Cochlear Nucleus: Implications for Auditory Brain Stem Implants

Mohit N. Shivdasani1,2,3, Stefan J. Mauger1,2,3, Graeme D. Rathbone1,3 and Antonio G. Paolini1,2

Submitted 7 June 2007; accepted in final form 6 October 2007

Multichannel techniques were used to assess the frequency specificity of activation in the central nucleus of the inferior colliculus (CIC) produced by electrical stimulation of localized regions within the ventral cochlear nucleus (VCN). Data were recorded in response to pure tones from 141 and 193 multiunit clusters in the rat VCN and the CIC, respectively. Of 141 VCN sites, 126 were individually stimulated while recording responses in the CIC.....................

IONM the Gold Standard of Patient Safety? By David J.Anschel, M.D

David J. Anschel, M.D.
Contributing Editor of MedCompare,

David J. Anschel writes about the developments in "Itraoperative Neurophysiological Monitoring and its medical usage:

IONM has become the gold standard for ensuring patient safety while undergoing operations which place the central or peripheral nervous system at risk. Technological advancements within the last few years have allowed monitoring techniques to evolve. The above robust systems are representative of the best that modern medicine has to offer. Allowing neurologists and surgeons to work together to provide better patient outcomes during more complicated procedures in close proximity to vital neurological tissues.

Spinal Cord Injury & the debilitating condition!

Why neuroregeneration research, stem cells and its research are important to this world?.
Just watch this video, put your few min aside to see this spinal cord injury and its impact on Mike's life...!?